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What policies do Harris and Trump pursue?

What policies do Harris and Trump pursue?

Stylized BBC image showing Harris and Trump in black and white in front of the US Capitol with a blue and red striped backgroundBBC

American voters face a clear choice for president on Election Day: between Democratic Vice President Kamala Harris and Republican Donald Trump.

Here you can see what they stand for and how their policies on various topics compare.

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Business

Harris has said its first day priority would be reducing food and housing costs for working families.

It promises to ban food price gouging, help first-time home buyers and provide incentives to increase housing supply.

Trump has promised to “end inflation and make America affordable again.”

He has promised lower interest rates, something the president has no control over, and he says deporting undocumented immigrants will ease pressure on the housing market.

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abortion

Harris has made abortion rights the focus of her campaign and continues to push for legislation that would enshrine reproductive rights nationwide.

Trump has struggled to find a consistent message in recent weeks.

The three justices he appointed to the Supreme Court played a crucial role in overturning the constitutional right to abortion, a 1973 ruling known as Roe v Wade.

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immigration

Harris was tasked with addressing the root causes of the crisis at the southern border and helped raise billions of dollars in private money to make regional investments aimed at stemming northward migration.

A record number of people arrived from Mexico in late 2023, but numbers have fallen since then. In this campaign, she has toughened her stance, highlighting her experience as a prosecutor in California fighting human traffickers.

Trump has vowed to seal the border by completing construction of a wall and increasing enforcement. But he urged Republicans to abandon a tough, bipartisan border law supported by Harris.

He has also promised the largest mass deportation of illegal migrants in U.S. history. Experts told the BBC this would pose legal challenges.

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Steer

Harris wants to raise taxes on large corporations and Americans earning $400,000 (£305,000) a year.

But she also presented a number of measures that would reduce the tax burden on families, including an expansion of the child tax credit.

Trump is proposing a series of tax cuts worth trillions, including an extension of his 2017 tax cuts that mostly benefited the wealthy. He says he will pay for them through higher growth and tariffs on imports.

Analysts say both tax plans will add to the ballooning deficit, but Trump’s plan will do even more.

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Foreign policy

Harris has vowed to support Ukraine “for as long as necessary.” She has promised, if elected, to ensure that the United States, not China, wins “the competition for the 21st century.”

She has long been an advocate for a two-state solution between Israelis and Palestinians and has called for an end to the war in Gaza.

Trump pursues an isolationist foreign policy and wants the US to disengage from conflicts elsewhere in the world.

He said he would end the war in Ukraine in 24 hours through a negotiated settlement with Russia, a move Democrats said would embolden Vladimir Putin.

Trump positioned himself as a staunch supporter of Israel but said little about how he would end the war in Gaza.

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Trade

Harris criticized Trump’s sweeping plan to impose tariffs on imports, calling it a national tax on working families that would cost every household $4,000 a year. It is expected to take a more targeted approach to taxing imports.

Trump has made tariffs a central promise of this campaign. He has proposed new tariffs of 10% to 20% on most foreign goods and much higher tariffs on goods from China.

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climate

Harrisas vice president, helped pass the Inflation Reduction Act, which poured hundreds of billions of dollars into renewable energy and electric vehicle tax credit and rebate programs.

However, she has given up her opposition to fracking, a technique for extracting gas and oil opposed by environmentalists.

TrumpDuring his stay in the White House, hundreds of environmental protection measures were rolled back, including limits on carbon dioxide emissions from power plants and vehicles.

In this campaign he has promised to expand drilling in the Arctic and attacked electric cars.

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Healthcare

Harris was part of a White House administration that reduced prescription drug costs and capped insulin prices at $35.

Trump has said he will not repeat his attempts as president to repeal the Affordable Care Act, which expanded coverage to millions more people.

He has called for taxpayer-funded fertility treatment, but Republicans in Congress may oppose it.

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crime

Harris has tried to compare her experience as a prosecutor to the fact that Trump was convicted of a crime.

Trump has vowed to destroy drug cartels, quell gang violence and rebuild Democratic-run cities that he says are overrun with crime.

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Weapons

Harris has made preventing gun violence a major pledge, and she and Tim Walz — both gun owners — frequently advocate for tougher laws. But they will find that measures like expanding background checks or banning assault weapons require Congress’s help.

Trump has positioned himself as a staunch supporter of the Second Amendment, the constitutional right to bear arms. When he spoke to the National Rifle Association in May, he said he was their best friend.

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